programlisting

programlisting — A literal listing of all or part of a program

Synopsis

Mixed Content Model

programlisting ::=
(#PCDATA|footnoteref|xref|biblioref|abbrev|acronym|citation|
 citerefentry|citetitle|citebiblioid|emphasis|firstterm|
 foreignphrase|glossterm|termdef|footnote|phrase|orgname|quote|
 trademark|wordasword|personname|link|olink|ulink|action|
 application|classname|methodname|interfacename|exceptionname|
 ooclass|oointerface|ooexception|package|command|computeroutput|
 database|email|envar|errorcode|errorname|errortype|errortext|
 filename|function|guibutton|guiicon|guilabel|guimenu|guimenuitem|
 guisubmenu|hardware|interface|keycap|keycode|keycombo|keysym|
 literal|code|constant|markup|medialabel|menuchoice|mousebutton|
 option|optional|parameter|prompt|property|replaceable|
 returnvalue|sgmltag|structfield|structname|symbol|systemitem|uri|
 token|type|userinput|varname|nonterminal|anchor|author|
 authorinitials|corpauthor|corpcredit|modespec|othercredit|
 productname|productnumber|revhistory|remark|subscript|
 superscript|inlinegraphic|inlinemediaobject|inlineequation|
 synopsis|cmdsynopsis|funcsynopsis|classsynopsis|fieldsynopsis|
 constructorsynopsis|destructorsynopsis|methodsynopsis|indexterm|
 beginpage|co|coref|lineannotation|textobject)*

Attributes

Common attributes

Name	Type	Default
width	CDATA	None
linenumbering	Enumeration: numbered unnumbered	None
language	CDATA	None
xml:space	Enumeration: preserve	None
continuation	Enumeration: continues restarts	None
format	Enumerated notation: linespecific	"linespecific"
startinglinenumber	CDATA	None

Description

A ProgramListing is a verbatim environment for program source or source fragment listings. ProgramListings are often placed in Examples or Figures so that they can be cross-referenced from the text.

Processing Expectations

Formatted as a displayed block. This element is displayed “verbatim”; whitespace and linebreaks within this element are significant. ProgramListings are usually displayed in a fixed width font.

Other markup within a ProgramListing is recognized. Contrast this with systems like LaTeX, in which verbatim environments disable markup recognition. If you want to disable markup recognition, you must use a CDATA section:

<programlisting>
<![CDATA[
This is a programlisting so white       space and line
breaks are significant.  But it is also a CDATA
section so <emphasis>tags</emphasis> and &entities;
are not recognized.  The only markup that is recognized
is the end-of-section marker, which is two
"]"'s in a row followed by a >.

]]>

</programlisting>

Two markup tags have special significance in ProgramListings: CO and LineAnnotation. A CO identifies the location of a Callout. A LineAnnotation is a comment, added by the documentor—not the programmer.

Processing expectations

This element is displayed “verbatim”; whitespace and linebreaks within this element are significant.

Future Changes

The InterfaceDefinition element will be discarded in DocBook V4.0. It will no longer be available in the content model of this element.

Future Changes

The xml:space attribute is automatically provided in the XML DTD.

Parents

These elements contain programlisting: answer, appendix, article, bibliodiv, bibliography, blockquote, callout, caption, caution, chapter, colophon, constraintdef, dedication, entry, example, figure, footnote, glossary, glossdef, glossdiv, important, index, indexdiv, informalexample, informalfigure, itemizedlist, legalnotice, listitem, msgexplan, msgtext, note, orderedlist, para, partintro, preface, procedure, programlistingco, qandadiv, qandaset, question, refsect1, refsect2, refsect3, refsection, refsynopsisdiv, revdescription, sect1, sect2, sect3, sect4, sect5, section, setindex, sidebar, simplesect, step, taskprerequisites, taskrelated, tasksummary, td, textobject, th, tip, variablelist, warning.

Children

The following elements occur in programlisting: abbrev, acronym, action, anchor, application, author, authorinitials, beginpage, biblioref, citation, citebiblioid, citerefentry, citetitle, classname, classsynopsis, cmdsynopsis, co, code, command, computeroutput, constant, constructorsynopsis, coref, corpauthor, corpcredit, database, destructorsynopsis, email, emphasis, envar, errorcode, errorname, errortext, errortype, exceptionname, fieldsynopsis, filename, firstterm, footnote, footnoteref, foreignphrase, funcsynopsis, function, glossterm, guibutton, guiicon, guilabel, guimenu, guimenuitem, guisubmenu, hardware, indexterm, inlineequation, inlinegraphic, inlinemediaobject, interface, interfacename, keycap, keycode, keycombo, keysym, lineannotation, link, literal, markup, medialabel, menuchoice, methodname, methodsynopsis, modespec, mousebutton, nonterminal, olink, ooclass, ooexception, oointerface, option, optional, orgname, othercredit, package, parameter, personname, phrase, productname, productnumber, prompt, property, quote, remark, replaceable, returnvalue, revhistory, sgmltag, structfield, structname, subscript, superscript, symbol, synopsis, systemitem, termdef, textobject, token, trademark, type, ulink, uri, userinput, varname, wordasword, xref.

Attributes

format

The Format attribute applies the linespecific notation to all ProgramListings. All white space and line breaks must be preserved.

linenumbering

Line numbering indicates whether or not the lines of a ProgramListing are to be automatically numbered. The details of numbering (every line or only selected lines, on the left or right, etc.) are left up to the processing application. Be aware that not all processors are capable of numbering lines.

width

Width specifies the width (in characters) of the longest line in this ProgramListing (formatters may use this value to determine scaling or rotation).

See Also

computeroutput, lineannotation, literallayout, screen, screenshot, synopsis, userinput.

Examples

For examples, see example, informalexample, programlistingco, refentry.